IPA: /ˈpɛtʃ.ə.ləns/
KK: /ˈpɛtʃələns/
The quality of being easily annoyed or angry, often in a childish way.
Her petulance was evident when she didn't get her way during the meeting.
Petulance is derived from the Latin "petulans" (meaning forward, impudent) which comes from "petere" (meaning to seek or to attack). The suffix "-ance" indicates a state or quality. Thus, petulance refers to the state of being forward or impudent, often characterized by sudden, impatient irritation or annoyance.
Think of someone who is 'seeking' ('petere') to express their irritation in a 'forward' manner — that's why petulance means a state of being irritable or impudent.