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indurate

Upper-Intermediate (B2)

IPA: /ɪnˈdjʊəreɪt/

KK: /ɪnˈdjuːrɪt/

adjective
Definition

Describing someone or something that is hardened or unfeeling, either physically or emotionally.


Example

His indurate attitude made it difficult for him to empathize with others.


Conversation
Sloth A
I noticed that he seems really indurate to other people's feelings lately.
Sloth B
Yeah, it's like he doesn't care about anyone but himself.
Sloth A
I wonder what made him so indurate in the first place.
Sloth B
Maybe he went through something tough that we don't know about.

Synonyms & Antonyms
Synonyms
hardened
obstinate
unfeeling
Antonyms
soft
sensitive
yielding
intransitive verb
Definition

To become hard or firm, often as a result of time or pressure.


Example

Over time, the clay will indurate and become solid.


Tense Forms

Past: indurated

Past Participle: indurated


Conversation
Sloth A
I heard that the clay will indurate if we leave it out too long.
Sloth B
Yeah, I think it starts to harden when exposed to air.
Sloth A
That's interesting! I didn't know it could actually indurate like that.
Sloth B
transitive verb
Definition

To make something hard or tough, often through exposure to difficult conditions or experiences.


Example

The harsh winter indurated the soil, making it difficult for plants to grow.


Tense Forms

Past: indurated

Past Participle: indurated


Conversation
Sloth A
I feel like some experiences really indurate a person over time.
Sloth B
Yeah, I think hardships can make us more resilient.
Sloth A
Exactly! It's like we become tougher after facing challenges.
Root Explanation

Indurate is formed from "in-" (meaning not) and "durare" (meaning to harden). The word describes the process of becoming hard or unyielding, often in a figurative sense, such as in emotions or attitudes.

Memory Tip

Think of something that is 'not' flexible ('in-') and 'hardening' ('durare') — that's why indurate means to become hard or unyielding.

Visually Confused Words
inaurate
unindurated
pandurate
inumbrate
infuriate
incurvate
viduate
sinuate
Is this page helpful?
It makes sense, especially for pottery — they need it to be solid.

Synonyms & Antonyms
Synonyms
harden
solidify
set
Antonyms
soften
dissolve
melt
Sloth B
For sure, those tough times can really shape who we are.

Synonyms & Antonyms
Synonyms
harden
callous
obdurate
Antonyms
soften
sensitive
tender