IPA: //ˌbaɪoʊˈtɜːrbeɪʃən//
KK: /baɪoʊˈtɜrbeɪʃən/
The process where living organisms mix or stir up soil or sediment, often by burrowing into it.
Worms and clams contribute to bioturbation by moving through the soil and mixing it up.
Bioturbation is formed from "bio-" (meaning life) and "turbare" (meaning to disturb or agitate). The term describes the disturbance of soil or sediment by living organisms, indicating how life can affect the physical environment.
Think of 'bio-' meaning life and 'turbate' meaning to disturb — this helps you remember that bioturbation refers to the disturbance caused by living organisms.