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abstract

Upper-Intermediate (B2)

IPA: //ˈæbstrækt//

KK: /ˈæbstrækt/

adjective
Definition

Relating to ideas or concepts that are not based on physical objects or specific examples. It can also refer to something that is hard to understand or is more about theory than practical application.


Example

The concept of justice is often seen as an abstract idea that varies from person to person.


Conversation
Sloth A
I just saw an abstract art exhibit downtown.
Sloth B
Oh really? I’ve always found abstract art so intriguing.
Sloth A
Yeah, it makes you think differently about art and its meaning.
Sloth B
Exactly! Sometimes the most abstract pieces can evoke the strongest emotions.

Synonyms & Antonyms
Synonyms
theoretical
conceptual
intangible
Antonyms
concrete
literal
tangible
noun
Definition

A summary that highlights the main ideas or important points of a larger piece of writing or work.


Example

The abstract of the research paper provided a concise overview of the findings.


Conversation
Sloth A
I just finished writing the abstract for my research paper.
Sloth B
Oh nice! How did you summarize everything?
Sloth A
I focused on the main findings to keep the abstract concise.
Sloth B
transitive verb
Definition

To take away or remove something, often in a way that is not allowed, or to summarize a larger idea into a shorter form.


Example

The artist decided to abstract the main features of the landscape in her painting.


Tense Forms

Past: abstracted

Past Participle: abstracted


Conversation
Sloth A
Did you see the latest art exhibit downtown?
Sloth B
Yeah, I loved how they abstract traditional styles into something new.
Sloth A
Exactly! It really makes you think about art differently.
Root Explanation

Abstract → It is formed from "ab-" (meaning away) and "tractus" (meaning drawn). The word describes something that is drawn away from concrete realities or specific instances, focusing instead on general ideas or concepts.

Memory Tip

Think of something that is 'drawn away' from reality — 'ab-' means away, and 'tractus' means drawn, which helps you remember that abstract refers to ideas that are not concrete.

Visually Confused Words
unabstract
stract
preabstract
nonabstract
substract
autoabstract
attract
astrict
Is this page helpful?
That sounds like a good strategy; it’s important to be clear.

Synonyms & Antonyms
Synonyms
summary
overview
digest
Antonyms
detail
expansion
elaboration
Sloth B
For sure, I appreciate how they can abstract everyday objects into beautiful pieces.

Synonyms & Antonyms
Synonyms
summarize
extract
remove
Antonyms
add
include
insert